ASCO 2015 Highlights

The addition of 2 cycles of chemotherapy to the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab results in superior overall survival in treatment-naïve patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer.

Standard treatment for patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma is predominantly chemotherapy-based. Nivolumab may be effective in these patients based on a retrospective real-world data assessment.

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy (I-SABR) is well-tolerated in patients with early-stage, medically inoperable, isolated-recurrence non–small-cell lung cancer without lymph node or distant metastasis.

Based on a meta-analysis of randomized trials in the first-line treatment of non–small-cell lung cancer, adding chemotherapy to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improves response rates and progression-free survival in some patients compared with ICI monotherapy, but does not confer an overall survival benefit regardless of PD-L1 status.

The combinations of nivolumab with gemcitabine/cisplatin or nivolumab with ipilimumab were tested in patients with untreated advanced biliary tract cancer.

The response rate to the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer compared favorably to clinical trials investigating single-agent anti–PD-1 therapy.

Durvalumab ± tremelimumab plus chemotherapy was well-tolerated and showed promising efficacy in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.

Detection of IDH1 mutations in plasma from patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is highly concordant with detection in tumor tissue.

The use of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was associated with improved overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with resected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.