Personalized Medicine

Washington, DC—A new framework for transforming cancer care by harnessing the meaningful use criteria of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) was proposed by a team of researchers at the 2013 American Medical Informatics Association meeting.

Boston, MA—Combinations of targeted therapies will be key to overcoming resistance that occurs in tumor cells and leads to eventual failure of a single targeted agent, said Alex Adjei, MD, PhD, the Katherine Anne Gioia Chair in Cancer Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, at the Second Global Biomarkers Consortium annual conference.

A genomic test to sequence the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood, ClearID Breast Cancer from Cynvenio Biosystems, is now available commercially to molecularly monitor for breast cancer recurrence. The test uses a standard blood draw from which DNA from tumor cells is isolated and interrogated using next-generation–sequencing tools to determine the presence of cancer-associated DNA mutations.

San Diego, CA—Results of a new small study have shown that histology without the use of Oncotype DX Breast Cancer assay accurately predicts the risk for recurrence in low-grade breast carcinoma. Although Oncotype DX is useful in predicting recurrence in high-grade breast cancer, this study suggests that low-grade tumors may be adequately assessed for recurrence by histology only.

San Francisco, CA—Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided brachy­therapy led to significantly less urinary dysfunction in men being treated for localized prostate cancer compared with ultrasound-guided techniques, according to a long-term prospective cohort study reported at the 2014 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.

San Francisco, CA—A new tool called the Prostate Health Index (phi) can identify which patients with favorable-risk prostate cancer can safely be managed with active surveillance and which patients will probably require treatment. The phi index is relatively low tech and is calculated using 3 serum measurements: prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free/total PSA, and a measurement called [-2]proPSA.

A mutation in any 1 of a suite of DNA repair pathway genes may predict not only the risk for familial prostate cancer, but also indicate the presence of a particular aggressive form of the disease, according to results of a new UK study from the Institute of Cancer Research in London.

Results of a new study investigating the probability of a cervical cancer diagnosis among women aged 65 to 83 years using data from the UK Cervical Screening Call/Recall System indicate that the current practice may need to be changed.

Boston, MA—Biomarker development and validation are essential for the rational use of emerging cancer treatments, said presenters at the second Global Biomarkers Consortium annual conference.

Boston, MA—Incorporating genomics into the practice of medicine requires the demonstration of the ability of biomarkers to impact clinical decision-making, and ensuring that patients receive the best therapy based on genomic findings. Scott A. Tomlins, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Pathology and Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, reviewed efforts to realize genomic medicine into prostate cancer diagnosis and management at the second Global Biomarkers Consortium annual conference.